Tim M. Boyd

MKM Partners LLC (MKM) is a premier institutional equity trading, sales, and research firm headquartered in Stamford, Connecticut. The firm was founded by Thomas G. Messina in 2002. They were acquired in 2023 by ROTH Capital Partners LLC, a subsidiary of CR Financial Holdings LLC. MKM provides timely, insightful, and actionable proprietary research to hedge funds, mutual funds, family offices, endowments, corporates, private equity, pension plans, RIAs, etc. The firm combines high-impact fundamental analysis with macroeconomics, technical insights, derivatives strategies, event-driven commentary, alternative research, and first-rate execution. They take a client-centric approach to the trading desk and utilize both a top-down and bottom-up approach.

Originally founded in 2002 by Curt Snyder and Richard Prati as American Technology Research, Broadpoint.AmTech Equity Capital Markets is an independent research firm and broker/dealer headquartered in Greenwich with offices in Littleton, Colorado and San Francisco. The firm was acquired by Broadpoint Securities Group, Inc. (NASDAQ: BPSG) in 2008. Broadpoint.Am Tech seeks to generate profitable ideas through fundamental research. They offer timely and focused research on the information technology, clean energy and defense sectors for institutional investors including mutual funds and alternative asset managers. Broadpoint.AmTech covers the following industries: (1) aerospace and defense (2) analog semiconductors (3) broadband and media services (4) clean technology/biofuels (5) clean technology/energy generation and infrastructure (6) clean technology/coal (7) clean technology/solar (8) clean technology/wind (9) data networking and storage components (10) engineering and construction (11) financial technology (12) Internet (13) information technology hardware (13) LED industry (14) software (15) wireless communications and (16) wireless ICs.

Founded by Darren Caris in 2002, Caris & Co., Inc. is a broker/dealer headquartered in Del Mar, California. The firm is a subsidiary of B. Riley & Co. They offer research that is independent of their investment banking activities, as well as a full array of trading and execution services. Caris & Co.'s coverage includes large-, mid- and small-cap companies in the healthcare, technology, energy and consumer sectors. Their research is written for the longer-term investor with an investment horizon of at least 12 months. Caris & Co., Inc. is a member of the NASD and the SIPC.

Originally founded in 2002 by Curt Snyder and Richard Prati as American Technology Research, Broadpoint.AmTech Equity Capital Markets is an independent research firm and broker/dealer headquartered in Greenwich with offices in Littleton, Colorado and San Francisco. The firm was acquired by Broadpoint Securities Group, Inc. (NASDAQ: BPSG) in 2008. Broadpoint.Am Tech seeks to generate profitable ideas through fundamental research. They offer timely and focused research on the information technology, clean energy and defense sectors for institutional investors including mutual funds and alternative asset managers. Broadpoint.AmTech covers the following industries: (1) aerospace and defense (2) analog semiconductors (3) broadband and media services (4) clean technology/biofuels (5) clean technology/energy generation and infrastructure (6) clean technology/coal (7) clean technology/solar (8) clean technology/wind (9) data networking and storage components (10) engineering and construction (11) financial technology (12) Internet (13) information technology hardware (13) LED industry (14) software (15) wireless communications and (16) wireless ICs.

Bridgewater Associates LP (Bridgewater) is a registered investment advisor and fund of hedge funds manager headquartered in Westport, Connecticut. The firm was founded by Ray Dalio in 1975. They are a subsidiary of Bridgewater Associates Intermediate Holdings LP, which is owned by Bridgewater Associates Holdings, Inc. Bridgewater provides discretionary investment management services to pooled investment vehicles and single investor funds, and managed account clients.