Billy Leung

Core Pacific-Yamaichi International (H.K.) Ltd. (CPYI) is a broker/dealer headquartered in Hong Kong. It was founded in 1969 as Yamaichi International (H.K.) Ltd. In 1998, Core Pacific Group acquired the Hong Kong operation of the Yamaichi Co. and the firm was renamed Core Pacific-Yamaichi International (H.K.) Ltd. It is a subsidiary of Core Pacific Group in Taiwan. CPYI provides trading services to various types of investors.

Daiwa Capital Markets (Hong Kong) Ltd. (Daiwa HK) is a securities brokerage firm headquartered Hong Kong. The firm is a subsidiary of Daiwa Capital Markets Asia Holding BV, ultimately owned by Daiwa Securities Group, Inc. (TYO: 8601) in Japan. Founded in 1970, Daiwa HK offers brokerage services to an established international client base.

Standard Chartered Securities (Hong Kong) Ltd. (Standard Chartered HK) is the brokerage subsidiary of Hong Kong-based Standard Chartered Bank (Hong Kong) Ltd., which is owned by Standard Chartered Plc (LON: STAN), a multinational banking and financial services company headquartered in London, UK. Standard Chartered HK offers online securities trading services.

UOB Kay Hian (Hong Kong) Ltd. (UOB Hong Kong) is a broker-dealer headquartered in Hong Kong. The firm is a subsidiary of UOB Kay Hian Overseas Ltd., which is owned by UOB-Kay Hian Holdings Ltd. (SGX: U10) in Singapore. UOB Hong Kong offers brokerage and trading services to various investors. They provide a comprehensive suite of investment products from Equities, Futures, Options, Bonds to OTC products that caters to different investment objectives.

Merrill Lynch Far East Ltd. is the stockbroking subsidiary of Merrill Lynch HK Services Ltd., ultimately owned by Bank of America Corp. (NYSE: BAC) in the US. Headquartered in Hong Kong, the firm was founded in 2003 and offers a broad range of brokerage services to institutional investors.

BOCI Research Ltd. is an investment research firm headquartered in Hong Kong. The firm was founded in 1998 and is a subsidiary of BOCI Asia Ltd., ultimately held by Chinese government’s China Investment Corp. BOCI Research primarily provides research reports and analysis on China with a focus on telecommunications, property, media, retail, technology, energy, oil and gas, metals and mining, utilities, financials, and transport and logistics sectors.

CLSA Ltd. is the Hong Kong-based institutional brokerage subsidiary of CITIC Securities Co., Ltd. (SSE: 600030, SEHK: 6030), a full-service investment bank headquartered in China. Founded in 1986, the firm provides sales and execution services to global investors and corporates.

China International Capital Corp. Ltd. (Broker) (CICC) is the brokerage division of China International Capital Corp. Ltd. which was established in 1995 as a strategic partnership between Chinese and international financial institutions and corporations. Headquartered in Beijing, CICC was the first joint venture investment bank in China. The firm's core business departments were investment banking, capital markets, sales & trading, research, fixed-income and asset management. CICC offers a range of brokerage services to international and domestic institutional and individual investors. In 2007 the firm set up a wholly-owned subsidiary specializing in private equity investments and focusing on buyout opportunities within China.

Part of Haitong Securities Co., Ltd., Haitong International Japaninvest KK is a financial services company based in Tokyo, Japan. The Japanese company provides fundamental coverage of over 400 companies across China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and the Peoples' Republic of China, via their 'connect' coverage, and South Korea. The company also provides investors with a quantitative multi-factor screening of the parent company's rated universe of over 750 stocks, looking for financial strength and earnings reliability. The company conducts extensive 'corporate access' activities, connecting investors to the region's corporates, via conferences, events, field trips, and round tables, in Asia-Pacific, Europe, and the US. The company has research sales offices in Tokyo, Hong Kong, and London, and complement those in New York and San Francisco. The company was founded by Rupert J. Eastwood.

CCB International Securities Ltd. provides brokerage services and is ultimately controlled by the Government of China. The company is based in Hong Kong, Hong Kong.

Mizuho Securities Asia Ltd. is the Hong Kong-based brokerage subsidiary of Mizuho Securities Co., Ltd., ultimately owned by Mizuho Financial Group, Inc. (TYO: 8411), a banking holding company headquartered in Japan. Founded in 1999, Mizuho Securities Asia provides sales, trading and execution in equity, equity-linked and convertible products across Asia, Japan and US markets for corporate, fund and institutional investors. The firm also provides a full range of fixed income products including sales and trading of investment grade and high-yield credit; government bonds; and securitization and structured products covering the full range of investors and issuers, such as asset managers, central banks, financial institutions, corporates and alternative managers.

Guosen Securities (HK) Brokerage Co., Ltd. (Guosen Securities HK) is the brokerage subsidiary of Hong Kong-based Guosen Securities (HK) Financial Holdings Co., Ltd., which is wholly-owned by Guosen Securities Co., Ltd. (SHE: 002736), a state-owned financial services company headquartered in Shenzhen, China. Guosen Securities HK provides comprehensive range of businesses, such as securities trading and distribution, commodities trading and futures trading to retail and institutional clients.

BNP Paribas Securities (Asia) Ltd. (BNPP SEC ASIA) is the Hong Kong-based brokerage subsidiary of BNP Paribas SA (EPA: BNP), an international banking group headquartered in France. BNPP SEC ASIA provides electronic trading services to its clients, including its affiliates which take principal or riskless principal positons. Such services enable the access to, and execution of trades via, alternative liquidity pools (ALPs), or commonly known as dark pools, operated by other service providers or affiliates of the firm (Third Party ALPs).

JPMorgan Securities Japan Co. Ltd. (JPMS-J) is the brokerage subsidiary of JPMorgan International Finance Ltd., itself a subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (NYSE: JPM) in the US. Headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, JPMS-J provides investment banking services, intermediary of Global Custody service and other asset servicing business provided by JPMorgan Chase Bank N.A. and its group companies.

China Merchants Securities (HK) Co., Ltd. is a Chinese company that provides brokerage services. It is based in Hong Kong, Hong Kong and ultimately controlled by the Government of China. The company was founded in 1986.

Part of Deutsche Bank AG, Deutsche Bank AG (Hong Kong) is a financial institution that has been connecting worlds for 65 years. The company is based in Hong Kong, Hong Kong, and serves as the hub for corporate and commercial clients. The company's asset management division, DWS, is a market leader in Hong Kong with a broad product offering. Its corporate bank division is an established market leader in transaction banking, with a presence in 60 countries, including an extensive footprint in HK. The investment bank provides strategic advice to corporate and institutional clients, focusing on the bank’s traditional strengths in financing, advisory, fixed income, and currencies, together with a focused equity capital markets business. The private bank focuses on private customers across all segments as well as business clients, and in HK, this division is represented by a highly competitive wealth manager. The Chinese company was founded in 1958, and its CEO is Werner Steinmüller.

Jefferies (Japan) Ltd. (JJ) is the Tokyo branch and subsidiary of US-based Jefferies Asia Holdings II Pte Ltd., ultimately held by Leucadia National Corp. (NYSE: LUK) in the US. Established in 1996, the firm focuses on Asian markets and provides brokerage and investment banking services to institutional and corporate clients located primarily in Asia and the Middle East. Their activities include sales and trading of Japanese equity, equity-linked and structured products, the distribution of equity research and execution services in cooperation with US and European offices and the provision of electronic connectivity throughout Asia. They issue equity shares through GDRs and ADRs, and are a leading issuer of convertible bonds, high-yield in particular. In-house research covers a variety of industries including the maritime sector, infrastructure, logistics, outsourcing, technology and IT. In addition to Japan, JJ focuses on countries such as China and India, providing a range of services to Chinese and Indian companies, including access to international equity and debt capital markets, securities underwriting, US public and private offerings and cross-border M&A advisory. They also cooperate with private equity and venture capital firms focused on the Chinese and Indian markets.

SWS Research Co., Ltd. is the investment research subsidiary of Shenwan Hongyuan Securities Co., Ltd., which is owned by Shenwan Hongyuan Group Co., Ltd. (SHE: 000166) in China. Headquartered in Shanghai, the firm was founded in 1992 to offer a wide range of products and services to global investors who want to invest in Chinese equity market. SWS Research provides clients with securities research service that covers over 500 key stocks in Asian market, as well as economics, strategy, bond, fund and derivatives research. Their clients include almost all major domestic institutional investors such as mutual funds, insurance companies, banks and trusts. They also serve QFII and other overseas institutional investors.

China Merchants Securities Co., Ltd. (Broker) (CMS) is the securities brokerage division of China Merchants Securities Co., Ltd. (SHA: 600999) in China. Headquartered in Shenzhen, CMS was founded in 1991 and provides comprehensive securities service platform for private, corporate, and institutional clients in domestic and international capital markets.

Credit Suisse Hong Kong Ltd. (Private Banking) (Credit Suisse HK) is the private banking division of the Credit Suisse (Hong Kong) Ltd., a brokerage firm headquartered in Hong Kong. The firm is owned by Credit Suisse AG, a wholly owned subsidiary of UBS Group AG (SWX: UBSG) in Switzerland. Credit Suisse HK serves the needs of wealthy families and individuals, often entrepreneurs and business owners. They also offer tailored services for external asset managers.

Ion Pacific Ltd (Ion Pacific) is a private equity/venture capital firm founded in 2015 by Itamar Har-Even and Michael Joseph. The firm is headquartered in New York.

HSBC Qianhai Securities Ltd. combines the global platform of HSBC Group with the local resources of Qianhai Financial Holdings to provide clients with a comprehensive range of securities products and services. HSBC Qianhai Securities is based in Shenzhen, CN. The Chinese company is committed to providing professional, diverse, and customized wealth management services to high-net-worth and ultra-high-net-worth clients and their families. With a global perspective, the company has insights into the Chinese A-share market. The joint venture company was founded in 2017, and the CEO is Irene Ho.

Part of CSC Financial Co., Ltd., China Securities (International) Brokerage Co. Ltd. is a Chinese company that provides brokerage services. The company is based in Hong Kong, Hong Kong. The CEO of the company is Benny Mau.

Minsheng Securities Co., Ltd. is a subsidiary of Minsheng Securities Co. that was established in 2012 and is a Chinese private equity investment fund management company approved by the China Securities Regulatory Commission. The company is based in Beijing, China. and has subsidiaries in China. It has a full range of business qualifications approved by the China Securities Regulatory Commission, including securities brokerage, underwriting, and sponsorship. The company was founded in 1986 and has a registered capital of 4,580,607,669 yuan. The CEO is Xiao Quan Zhou. Minsheng Securities Co. was acquired by Minsheng Securities Co. Ltd. /Private Group/ from Oceanwide Holdings Co., Ltd. (Beijing) on October 21, 2020 for $616.93 million.

CMB International Securities Ltd. is a brokerage firm headquartered in Hong Kong. The firm is a subsidiary of CMB International Capital Holdings Corp. Ltd., ultimately held by China Merchants Bank Co., Ltd. (SHA: 600036) in China. They provide stock broking services to corporate and institutional clients.

Part of Changjiang Securities Co., Ltd., Changjiang Securities Brokerage (HK) Ltd. is a securities brokerage firm based in Hong Kong, Hong Kong. The Chinese company offers securities trading services, online transactions, asset management, investment banking, and corporate financing services. The company is a subsidiary of Changjiang Securities Co., Ltd., which is listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. The company provides customers with a comprehensive retail broker through its licensed corporation, Long Certificate International, and is committed to providing a range of products and services to its customers. The CEO of the company is Jin Wen Xu.

The Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corp. Ltd. (Broker) (HSBC-Broker) is the brokerage division of The Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corp. Ltd. in Hong Kong. Their ultimate parent is HSBC Holdings Plc (LON: HSBA), a multinational investment bank and financial services holding company headquartered in London, UK. HSBC-Broker provides securities brokerage services to their clients.

BOCI Asia Ltd. provides brokerage services and is ultimately controlled by the Government of China. The company is based in Hong Kong, Hong Kong. The CEO of the Chinese company is Yan Cheng.

China Galaxy International Securities (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd. (CGIS HK) is the Hong Kong-based brokerage subsidiary of China Galaxy International Financial Holdings Ltd., ultimately held by state-owned China Investment Corp., a sovereign wealth company headquartered in China. CGIS HK provides proprietary trading and trading agent for various marketable securities.

Haitong International Securities Co., Ltd. is the securities brokerage subsidiary of Hong Kong-based Haitong International Securities Group Ltd. (HKG: 0665), which is owned by Haitong Securities Co., Ltd. (SHA: 600837), an investment bank and securities firm headquartered in China. Haitong International Securities offers sales and trading of both equity and fixed income products, prime brokerage and research advisory services to a diverse group of institutional clients such as investment funds, sovereign funds, insurance companies and financial institutions, globally.

Macquarie Capital Securities (Japan) Ltd. (MCS-J) is a securities brokerage firm and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Macquarie International Investments, which in turn is a subsidiary of Macquarie Bank Ltd. (SY: MBL), based in Australia. Established in 2004 following the acquisition of the Asian equity division of ING Groep NV (NYSE: ING) by Macquarie, MCS-J provides trading and financial analysis services to Japanese and overseas institutions as well as hedge funds. The firm specializes in Japanese equity, economic research, fundamental research at the company level, quantitative analysis, information on infrastructure funds and other funds, equity derivatives and structured products. They also act as intermediary for Macquarie Bank in the equity-linked notes private placement market. The firm's analysts research themes including Japanese reflation, global industries and Asian technologies. MCS-J is located in Tokyo, and operates in close cooperation with Macquarie sales teams in London, Geneva, Frankfurt, New York and Boston.

GaveKal Research Ltd. provides investment research. The private company is based in Hong Kong, HK. and has subsidiaries in United States. The Chinese company was founded in 2002 by Charles Gave, Louis-Vincent Gave. Louis-Vincent Gave has been the CEO since 2002.

Macquarie Securities (Australia) Ltd. (MSAL) is a brokerage firm headquartered in Sydney, Australia. The firm was founded in 1969 and is a subsidiary of Macquarie Corporate International Holdings Pty Ltd., ultimately held by Macquarie Group Ltd. (ASX: MQG) in Australia. MSAL serves as the brokering entity for the Macquarie Group.

CMBC Securities Co., Ltd. is a brokerage firm headquartered in Hong Kong. The firm is owned by CMBC Capital Holdings Ltd. (HKG: 1141), which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of China Minsheng Banking Corp., Ltd. (SHA: 600016) in China. CMBC Securities provides a full range of securities brokerage services and trading products that covers Hong Kong stocks, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), warrants, CBBCs, exchange-traded bonds, exchange-traded real estate investment trusts (REITs) and other markets securities, etc.

Part of Schroders Plc, Schroders Asia Ltd. is a Chinese company that provides investment advice. The company is based in Hong Kong, Hong Kong.

Marleau, Lemire Securities, Inc. is a private company based in Toronto, Canada. The Canadian company was founded by Richard T. Groome.