Jennifer Nichols

Aberdeen Global Short Duration Income Fund, Inc. is a non-diversified, closed-end management investment company. Its investment objective is to seek capital appreciation and will seek to achieve its investment objectives by investing primarily in a geographically diverse portfolio of below investment grade floating rate loans and floating and fixed rate high yield debt securities. The Fund will invest in loans and other debt securities of issuers located in the United States and in non U. S. countries. Aberdeen Global Short Duration Income was founded on August 28, 2009 and is headquartered in Philadelphia, PA.

First Israel Fund, Inc. is a closed ended mutual fund. The Fund may invest up to 80% of its total assets in 'Asian debt securities', and may be denominated in an Asian Country currency or in Australian, New Zealand or U.S. dollars.

Asia Tigers Fund, Inc. is a closed-end investment fund/investment trust. Its investment objective is to long-term capital appreciation, which seeks to achieve by investing primarily in equity securities. The company was founded on September 23, 1993 and is headquartered in Philadelphia, PA.

abrdn Japan Equity Fund, Inc. operates a closed-end management investment company. It outperforms over the long term, on a total return basis including appreciation and dividends, the Tokyo Stock Price Index, a composite market-capitalization weighted index of all common stocks listed on the First Section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange. The company was founded on July 12, 1990 and is headquartered in Philadelphia, PA.

The India Fund, Inc. is a non-diversified, closed-end management investment company. Its investment objective is long-term capital appreciation, which it seeks to achieve by investing primarily in the equity securities of Indian companies. The company was founded on December 27, 1993 and is headquartered in Philadelphia, PA.

Aberdeen Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund, Inc. is a non-diversified closed-end, management investment company. The fund’s principal investment objective is to seek both current income and long-term capital appreciation by investing primarily in emerging markets equity securities. It invests its assets in Chilean equity and debt securities. The company was founded on January 30, 1989 and is headquartered in Philadelphia, PA.

Aberdeen Israel Fund, Inc. is a non-diversified closed-end, management investment company. It invests its assets in Israeli equity securities. The company was founded on March 6, 1990 and is headquartered in Philadelphia, PA.

Aberdeen Latin America Equity Fund, Inc. is a non-diversified closed-end, management investment company. It invests its assets in Latin American equity securities. The company was founded on April 17, 1990 and is headquartered in Philadelphia, PA.

abrdn Global Income Fund, Inc. is a closed-end, non-diversified management investment company. It engages in the provision of high current income by investing primarily in fixed income securities. It also seeks capital appreciation, but only when consistent with its principal investment objective. The company was founded on June 28, 1991 and is headquartered in Philadelphia, PA.

abrdn Holdings Ltd. engages in the provision of investment management services. The company focuses on financial assets such as equities, fixed income, and alternatives. It also offers solutions including strategy research, asset allocations views, manager selection, portfolio construction, and client portfolio. The company was founded by Martin James Gilbert on March 2, 1983 and is headquartered in Aberdeen, the United Kingdom.

abrdn, Inc. is SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1995, the firm was formerly known as Aberdeen Asset Management, Inc. and as Aberdeen Standard Investments, Inc. until it became abrdn, Inc. in 2022. They are a subsidiary of abrdn Holdings Ltd., ultimately held by abrdn Plc (LON: ABDN) in Great Britain. abrdn provides investment products and solutions to various clients across the world.

Aberdeen Asia-Pacific Income Investment Co. Ltd. is a closed-end investment company. Its investment objective is to obtain current income and achieve incidental capital appreciation from investment in long-term debt securities. The company was founded on April 15, 1986 and is headquartered in Rarotonga, Cook Islands.

Aberdeen Indonesia Fund, Inc. is a non-diversified closed-end, management investment company. It invests its assets in Indonesian equity and debt securities. The company was founded on January 8, 1990 and is headquartered in Philadelphia, PA.

Part of abrdn Plc, Aberdeen Standard Investments (Canada) Ltd. is a global asset manager that provides investment products and solutions to clients worldwide. The company is based in Toronto, Canada. The Canadian company's breadth of investment capabilities is extensive and among the most innovative within the market. The company offers investment opportunities in fixed income, active equities, multi-asset, private markets, real estate, quantitative investments, alternatives, and sustainable investing. The company is dedicated to helping investors around the world reach their desired investment goals and broaden their financial horizons.