Barbara H. Rupf Bee

Columbia Threadneedle Asset Managers Ltd. (CTAM) is an asset management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1990 as F&C Asset Managers Ltd. and renamed BMO Asset Managers Ltd. in 2018. They changed their name to Columbia Threadneedle Asset Managers Ltd. when BMO rebranded to Columbia Threadneedle Investments in 2022. The firm is a subsidiary of Columbia Threadneedle AM (Holdings) Plc, ultimately held by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. CTAM manages a range of in-house and multi-manager funds for private individuals and institutional clients.

abrdn Investments Ltd. (aIL) is an asset management firm headquartered in Midlothian, UK. The firm was founded in 1987 and formerly known as Aberdeen Asset Managers Ltd. They are a wholly-owned subsidiary of abrdn Holdings Ltd., wholly-owned by abrdn Plc (LON: ABDN). aIL provides their clients with discretionary and non-discretionary asset management and related services across a broad range of investment strategies and asset classes. They also offer an alternative platform which encompasses multi-manager research, selection and portfolio management for hedge funds strategies.

HSBC Global Asset Management (Hong Kong) Ltd. (HSBC-GAM HK) is the wholly-owned asset management subsidiary of The HongKong & Shanghai Banking Corp. Ltd. and is indirectly owned by HSBC Holdings Plc (LON: HSBA, ADR: HSBC.PRA) in Great Britain. Headquartered in Hong Kong, the firm originated in 1973 as a banking branch and became part of HSBC Asset Management in 1994. The current firm, formerly known as HSBC Investments (Hong Kong) Ltd., was founded in 2005 when the group's investment management business was reorganized. HSBC-GAM HK provides investment management services to corporate clients, private individuals and institutions.

RAB Capital Ltd. (Investment Management) (RAB Capital-IM) is the alternative investment management division of RAB Capital Ltd. (LSE: RAB), an investment company headquartered in Brentwood, UK. The firm was founded in 1999 and is a subsidiary of RAB Capital Holdings Ltd. RAB Capital-IM specializes in absolute return funds and manages hedge fund strategies, Fund of Funds and an AIM-listed closed-end investment company. Their clients include institutions, private banks, high-net worth individuals, foundations and charitable trusts.

HSBC Global Asset Management (France) SA (HSBC GAM-France) is the French asset management subsidiary of HSBC Continental Europe, ultimately held by HSBC Holdings Plc (LON: HSBA, ADR: HSBC.PRA) in Great Britain. Formerly HSBC Investments (France) SA, the firm was founded in 1998 within the former CCF-Crédit Commercial de France. Headquartered in Courbevoie with additional office in Puteaux, HSBC GAM-France provides investment advice to banks and thrift institutions, investment companies, pension and profit-sharing plan, corporations, and business entities. They are a socially responsible investor and signatory to the UN Principles for Responsible Investment (UNPRI).

JPMorgan Asset Management (UK) Ltd. (JPMAM-UK) is the wholly owned, Great Britain-based investment arm of JPMorgan Asset Management International Ltd., ultimately held by JPMorgan Chase & Co. (NYSE: JPM) in the US. The firm was founded in 1974 and formerly known as JPMorgan Fleming Asset Management. They changed their name to JPMorgan Asset Management UK Ltd. in 2005. Headquartered in London, JPAM-UK provides investment advisory services to institutional clients, both US and non-US.

Premier Fund Managers Ltd. (PFM) is the wholly-owned fund management subsidiary of Premier Investment Group Ltd., ultimately held by Premier Miton Group Plc (LON: PMI) in Great Britain. The firm was founded in 1988 and is headquartered in Guildford. PFM manages a range of authorized UK and offshore funds and provides tailor made discretionary management services for private and corporate clients including professional advisers, retail investors, institutions and charities.

FIL Investment Advisors (UK) Ltd. (FIA UK) is a Great Britain-based fund management firm headquartered in Tadworth, Surrey. Founded in 1984, the firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of FIL Holdings (UK) Limited, which in turn is a wholly-owned subsidiary of FIL Ltd. in Bermuda. FIA UK provides a range of global investment products and services to institutional accounts, mutual funds and other pooled investment vehicles.

Santander Asset Management UK Ltd. (SAM-UK) is an asset manager headquartered in Glasgow, UK. The firm was founded in 1987 and formerly known as Scottish Mutual Portfolio Managers Ltd. and Abbey National Asset Managers Ltd. They are a wholly-owned subsidiary of SAM Investment Holdings SL, owned by Banco Santander SA (NYSE, BME: SAN) in Spain. SAM-UK manages funds on behalf of other Santander group entities as well as retail investors. The firm also manages a small number of segregated corporate portfolios.

Van Lanschot Kempen Investment Management (UK) Ltd. (Van Lanschot Kempen UK) is a mutual fund management firm headquartered in London, UK. Formerly known as Kempen Capital Management (UK) Ltd., the firm was founded in 1993 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Kempen & Co. NV, ultimately held by Van Lanschot Kempen NV (AMS: VLK) in The Netherlands. Van Lanschot Kempen UK provides asset management services for institutional investors, foundations and high net-worth private clients, through mandates and investment funds.

The HongKong & Shanghai Banking Corp. Ltd. provides banking services. It offers personal, commercial and corporate banking financial services across Asia. The company was founded by Thomas Sutherland on March 3, 1865 and is headquartered in Hong Kong.

Sarasin & Partners LLP (Sarasin) is a global investment manager headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1983 and formerly known as Sarasin Investment Management Ltd. They are a subsidiary of SIM Partnership (London) Ltd., ultimately held by JS International Holdings Ltd. in The Bahamas. Sarasin invests thematically and responsibly on behalf of charities, private clients, institutions and investment professionals.

Morgan Stanley & Co. International Plc (MSCI) is a brokerage firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a subsidiary of Morgan Stanley Investments (UK), ultimately held by Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) in the US. MSCI provides a range of brokerage services to corporations, governments and financial institutions.

Skerritt Consultants Ltd. (dba Skerritt) is a holding asset management firm headquartered in Hove, UK. The firm was founded in 1990 by Richard Skerritt. Skerritt provides financial planning and investment advice to a broad range of high-net worth individuals, directors, trustees, companies, and staff.

HSBC Bank Plc (Broker) (HSBC Bank-Broker) is the broker/dealer division of HSBC Bank Plc, which is owned by HSBC Holdings Plc (LON: HSBA; NYSE: HSBC) in Great Britain. Headquartered in London, HSBC Bank-Broker was founded in 1880 and offers bespoke brokerage services across every major asset class for their corporate and institutional clients.

Morningstar, Inc. (Research) is the investment research arm of Morningstar, Inc. (NASDAQ: MORN), an American financial services firm headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. The firm was founded by Joseph Mansueto in 1984 and provides independent portfolio information offering star ratings and analysis of managed funds. They also provide economic commentary and asset allocation information based on qualitative research.

Santander Asset Management SA SGIIC (Santander AM) is the asset management subsidiary of Santander Asset Management Investment Holdings Ltd. in Great Britain, itself a subsidiary of Banco Santander SA (BME: SAN) in Spain. Founded in 1971, the firm is headquartered in Madrid and has a network of offices throughout Spain and local investment teams throughout the world. Santander AM manages a volume of assets for both individual and institutional clients, as well as for Santander Group subsidiaries in all geographies.

BlackRock Advisors (UK) Ltd. (BlackRock UK) is the Great Britain-based investment management subsidiary of BlackRock Finance Europe Ltd., ultimately held by BlackRock, Inc. (NYSE: BLK) in the US. The firm was founded in 1964 and formerly known as Barclays Global Investors Ltd. Headquartered in London, BlackRock UK manages a range of investment products for various UK and continental European clients including defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans, insurance companies, educational and nonprofit organizations, local government entities, and individual and families.

Part of HSBC Holdings Plc, HSBC Securities Services (UK) Ltd. is a financial services organization that offers insight and analysis on the latest trends from HSBC executives, economists, and experts. The company is based in Edinburgh, UK, and is committed to helping tackle financial crime and protecting the financial system. The company is also involved in the process of rebuilding from the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in the UK and its surrounding areas. HSBC is one of the largest banking and financial services organizations in the world, offering answers to frequently asked questions about HSBC shares and shareholdings, financial reporting, dividends, and taxation.

Financial Services Development Council operates as a financial centre. The firm provides information of the FSDC’s activities in relation to the Hong Kong financial services industry, but also the FSDC’s publications on a wide spectrum of topics related to the industry such as the reports on mandatory provident fund system, life insurance as well as Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG).The company is headquartered in Hong Kong.

Part of BlackRock, Inc., BlackRock Alternative Investors is an American company that strives to bring their investors high-quality investments in real estate, infrastructure, private equity, credit, hedge funds, and alternative solutions. The company draws upon their footprint, superior execution capabilities, and position as a preferred partner to manage over USD $283 billion in alternative investments and commitments on behalf of clients worldwide as of June 30, 2021.

BlackRock Asset Management North Asia Ltd. (BAMNAL) is the investment management subsidiary of BlackRock HK Holdco Ltd., itself a subsidiary of BlackRock Inc. (NYSE: BLK) in the US. The firm was founded in 1998 and formerly known as Barclays Global Investors North Asia Ltd. They renamed into BlackRock Asset Management North Asia Ltd. in 2009 when BlackRock merged with Barclays Global Investors. Headquartered in Hong Kong, BAMNAL manages assets for institutional clients, pooled investment vehicles and US registered investment companies, including ETFs. Mandates include equity and real estate strategies.

HSBC Insurance (Asia) Ltd. engages in the provision of insurance services. The company was founded on February 25, 1977 and is headquartered in Hong Kong.

HSBC Life (International) Ltd. provides life insurance services. The company is headquartered in London, the United Kingdom.

Hong Kong Interbank Clearing Ltd. provides interbank clearing and settlement services. Its services include bulk clearing, USD clearing system, and etrade connect. The company was founded in april 1997 and is headquartered in Kwun Tong, Hongkong.

Energy Access Ventures SAS (Energy Access Ventures) is a ventures capital firm. The firm was founded in 2014 by Michael Gera and Emmanuel Beau. The firm is headquartered in Paris.

SolarX engages in the provision of solar solutions. It specializes in Grid connected PV systems, and PV-diesel hybrid systems. The company was founded by Karim Ghammache and Simballa Sylla and is headquartered in Niaréla, Mali.