Tillman E. Pearce

Novartis Pharma AG engages in the research in as well as the production and distribution of pharmaceutical, chemical, medical, and biotechnological products. It also provides related services. The company was founded on October 25, 1989 and is headquartered in Basel, Switzerland.

Threshold Pharmaceuticals, Inc. engages in the development of therapeutics for treating tumors. It offers the Evofosfamide which designed as a prodrug that is activated under the extreme hypoxic conditions commonly found in tumors, but not typically in healthy tissues, and TH-3424 which is a small-molecule drug candidate for the treatment of liver, castrate resistant prostate cancer, T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias, and other cancers. The company was founded by Jeffrey W. Bird on October 17, 2001 and is headquartered in South San Francisco, CA

Protein Design Labs, Inc. is a biopharmaceutical company focused on the research, development and commercialization of novel therapies for inflammation and autoimmune diseases, acute cardiac conditions and cancer. PDL markets several biopharmaceutical products in the United States through its hospital sales force and wholly-owned subsidiary, ESP Pharma, Inc. As a company of development of humanized antibodies, It has licensed its patents to numerous pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, some of which are now paying royalties on net sales of licensed products.