Howard W. Chin

BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. (BNYMIA) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 1951 and formerly known as The Dreyfus Corp. They are a wholly-owned subsidiary of MBC Investments Corp., ultimately held by The Bank of New York Mellon Corp. (NYSE: BK). BNYMIA serves as an investment advisor to mutual funds, such as the BNY Mellon Family of Funds and The BNY Mellon Funds Trust, and as sub-investment advisor to non-affiliated mutual funds. Formed in 2009, Dreyfus Cash Investment Strategies (Dreyfus) is a division of the BNYMIA that offers money market strategies to US and non-US institutional investors.

The Guardian Life Insurance Company of America engages in the provision of life insurance services. It offers insurance services in life, disability, and dental insurance services. The company was founded in 1860 and is headquartered in New York, NY.

Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. engages in the provision of insurance, annuities, and employee benefits programs. It operates through the US, and MetLife Holdings segments. The company is headquartered in New York, NY.

JPMorgan Investment Management, Inc. (JPMIM) is a global, SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 2000 as the result of Chase Manhattan's purchase of Robert Fleming Holdings and the subsequent merger of Chase and JPMorgan. In January 2010, JPMorgan Investment Advisors merged into JP Morgan Investment Management. JPMIM is a subsidiary of JPMorgan Asset Management Holdings, Inc., ultimately owned by JPMorgan Chase & Co. (NYSE: JPM). The firm primarily provides investment advisory services to both US and non-US institutional and retail clients.

New York Life Investment Management LLC (NYLIM) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 2000 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of New York Life Investment Management Holdings LLC, owned by New York Life Insurance Co. NYLIM provides a broad array of investment advisory services to third-party institutional clients, affiliated insurance companies, investment companies, other pooled investment vehicles, individuals and wrap fee programs sponsored by unaffiliated entities.

Jennison Associates LLC is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager which was founded in 1969 by Spiros Segalas and six colleagues. The firm was acquired by The Prudential Insurance Company of America (PICA) in 1985. They are a subsidiary of PGIM, Inc., ultimately held by Prudential Financial, Inc. (NYSE: PRU). Headquartered in New York City, Jennison Associates manages equity, fixed income, and custom solutions portfolios in a range of styles, geographies and market capitalizations for various clients.

Tocqueville Asset Management LP (Tocqueville) is a registered investment advisor firm headquartered in New York City. Founded in 1985, the firm’s business and affairs are managed by Tocqueville Management Corp., its General Partner, which owns 80% of the firm. Tocqueville manages investments for high net worth individuals and families, institutions, family offices and through the various Tocqueville mutual funds.

Invesco Advisers, Inc. is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. They are a subsidiary of Invesco Group Services, Inc., ultimately held by Invesco Ltd. (NYSE: IVZ). The firm was founded in 1986 and previously known as Invesco Institutional NA, Inc. until April 2010 when Invesco Ltd. consolidated the businesses of their US investment advisors (Invesco AIM Advisors, Inc., Invesco AIM Capital Management, Inc., Invesco AIM Private Asset Management, Inc. and Invesco Global Asset Management NA, Inc.) under the name Invesco Advisers, Inc. They provide discretionary and non-discretionary investment advisory services to individuals, institutional and high net-worth clients through separate accounts, wrap fee programs and US registered investment companies and other Commingled Funds.

Voya Investment Management LLC (Voya IM) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. The firm was founded in 1997 and formerly known as ING Investment Management LLC. They are a wholly owned subsidiary of VIM Holdings LLC, which is ultimately owned by Voya Financial, Inc. (NYSE: VOYA), formerly known as ING U.S. Inc. Voya IM primarily provides portfolio management services to affiliated and unaffiliated insurance companies utilizing a variety of investment styles. The firm also advises other insurance-related entities (e.g., reinsurance companies) as well as various types of institutional investors, such as pension plans, with respect to certain investment strategies.

Bankers Trust Co. is an asset management headquartered in Des Moines, Iowa. The firm was founded in 1917 and is a subsidiary of BTC Financial Corp. The firm serves as a trusted partner for individuals’ comprehensive financial planning, trust and fiduciary needs.

Goldman Sachs Asset Management LP (GSAMLP) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in New York City. The firm is a wholly owned subsidiary of GSAM Holdings LLC, and their ultimate parent is Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (NYSE: GS). Founded in 1988, GSAMLP provides investment solutions to a range of individual and institutional investors worldwide.

Victory Capital Management, Inc. (Investment Management) (Victory Capital-IM) is the investment management division of Victory Capital Management, Inc., a financial services company headquartered in San Antonio, Texas. The firm was founded in 1894 and formerly known as Key Asset Management, Inc. They are an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Victory Capital Holdings, Inc. (NASDAQ: VCTR). Victory Capital-IM provides specialized investment strategies to institutions, intermediaries, retirement platforms and individual investors.

The Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Co. provides insurance and financial security solutions. The firm offers life insurance, long-term care insurance, disability insurance, annuities, and investment products. It also provides financial planning strategies and solutions. The company was founded by John C. Johnston on March 2, 1857 and is headquartered in Milwaukee, WI.

Northwestern Mutual Wealth Management Co. provides investment advice. The company was founded in 2001 and is headquartered in Milwaukee, MI.

Founded in 2004 by David Robinson and Gilpin Bartels, Spartan Capital Management LLC is a registered investment advisor located in West Chester, Pennsylvania. The firm manages assets for high net-worth individuals and institutions.

Pacific Investment Management Co. LLC (PIMCO) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Newport Beach, California. Founded in 1971, the firm is a subsidiary of Allianz Asset Management of America LP and their ultimate parent is Allianz SE (ETR: ALV), a German global insurance company. PIMCO provides discretionary investment management services to a global client base.

Duke University is an academic university that offers undergraduate, graduate and professional programs. It also has publications and research services. The university was founded in 1838 and is headquartered in Durham, NC.

Harvard University engages in the provision of teaching and research. It has twelve degree-granting Schools in addition to the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, offering a global education. The university was founded in 1636 and is headquartered in Cambridge, MA.

Honeywell Capital Management LLC (HCM) is a registered investment advisor headquartered in Morris Plains, New Jersey. The firm was founded in 1997 as Allied Capital Management LLC. They are a wholly-owned subsidiary of Honeywell International, Inc. (NYSE: HON). HCM provides discretionary investment advisory advice to pension plans and other types of employee-benefit plans sponsored by the firm, by providing investment management and supervisory services to separate accounts of the trusts established with respect to such employee-benefit plans.

Moody's Investors Service, Inc. is a credit rating and investment research firm headquartered in New York City. They are a subsidiary of Moody's Corp. (NYSE: MCO). The firm performs international financial research and analysis on commercial and government entities and provides a variety of analytic tools for assessing credit risk. Their clients include creditors, investment banks and commercial banks.

Park Avenue Institutional Advisers LLC (PAIA) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in New York City. The firm is a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Guardian Investor Services LLC, which is owned by The Guardian Life Insurance Co. of America, a New York mutual life insurance company. PAIA provides investment advisory services to registered open-end management investment companies, a proprietary private fund and the CLO portfolios.

The Guardian Life Insurance Co. of America (Guardian Life) is a life insurance management firm headquartered in New York City. Founded in 1860, Guardian Life and their subsidiaries are committed to protecting individuals, business owners and their employees with life, long-term care insurance, disability income, medical insurance products and dental insurance products. They also offer 401(k), annuities and other financial products and trust services.

RGA Reinsurance Co. provides life reinsurance services. Its services include financial, reinsurance and other financial management services It develops software applications to assist the clients. The company is headquartered in Chesterfield, MO.

BNP Paribas Asset Management USA, Inc. (BNPP AM USA) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 1972 as Fischer Francis Trees & Watts, Inc. (FFTW). In 2015, FFTW’s affiliated US registered investment advisor, BNP Paribas Asset Management Inc., was merged into FFTW. FFTW was re-branded as BNP Paribas Asset Management USA, Inc. in 2017. The firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of BNP Paribas Asset Management USA Holdings, Inc. (BNPP AM), part of the International Financial Services division of BNP Paribas SA (EPA: BNP) (BNPP) in France. BNPP AM USA provides customized investment management services to institutional clients. The firm also provides non-discretionary investment management activities and/or acts as collateral manager for structured products such as CDOs and CLOs.